Oil burner



`luly 7, 1931.

S. M. PYANKOW on. BURNER Filed Nov. 2 sheets-sheet 1 ATTORN EY July 7,1931. s. M. PYANKow 1,813,083

OIL BURNER Filed Nov. 18. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 .rmi M. Py/.w/fawlNvENToR Wyk www ATTORNEY Patented July 7, 1493.1

UNITED STATES PATENT ori-TCE v SERGE 1I. PYANKOW, OF MOSCOW, UNION 0FSOCIALIST SOVIEI.' BEPBLICS OIL BURNER Application led November 18,1929, Serial. No. 407.996, and in the Union of March 14, 1928.

My invention relates to oil burners and has a particular reference toburners of a sprayer type,` operated by a compressed fluid, such` asair, gas, also steam, etc. 5 The object of my invention is to provide aburner adated to give a conical flame of a predetermined shape, in whichthe fuel particles are given a rotary motion so as to produce moreuniform mixture with air. An-` other object of my invention is toincrease the path of fuel particles in the body of the burner, therebypreheating them and 1mproving the process of combustion..

My invention is more yfully described 1n the accompanying specificationand drawings in whichv Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of my burneradapted to give a round divergm fiame, Fig. 2 is an outside view ofsame, a longitudinal section of a modlfied burner adapted to give a flatflame, F1g. 4 1s an outside' view of the modified burner, Flg. 5

is a detailed view of the fuel channels for.

the modified burner, Fig. 6 is an end view of the modified burner, Fig.7 is a longitudinal section of a modified construction for flat flame,especially adapted for forges etc., Fig. 8 is an outside view of thelast namedmodlfled construction, Fig. 9 is an end View of 30 the lastnamed modified construction, Fig.

10 is a longitudinal 4section of a modified burner for a round flame forforges, and Fig. 11 is a partial section taken in another plane. t

My burner conslsts of'an outer tubular shell 41 with a taperin tip 2. Afian e 3 can be provided with oles 4 for attac mg the burner to the wallof a furnace.r The rearv end of the tube is threaded and 1s adapted toreceive the threaded rear portion 5 of an inner tube 6.y The frontoroperatmg end ofthe inner tube has a cylindrical portion 7 slidablyfitted inside of the tube 1 and providedwith spirally arranged channelsor grooves 8. There may be a slngle groove or several of them, and Ifound that good results are obtained with as many as six.

The grooves extend over the conical front portion of the cylinder7 whichcorresponds to the inside cone of the tip 2.

ig. 3 is ythe nipplev 13.

sdcianw soviet napalm The grooved portion can be attached to the rear'portion of the inner tube by screwin them together on threads 9.

, he amount of fuel flowing throughthe nozzle can be regulated by thewidth ofv a slot or clearance 10 between the inner tip and outer cone 2.This adjustment can be made by screwing the threaded portion 5 in or outof the rear threaded ortion of the-outer tube v1.' A handwheel 11 1sattached to the r'ear end of `the tube 6. This end is closed with a plug12. l

A threaded nipple 13 extends from the tube 1 for steam. The inner tube 6is provided with an aperture or slot 14'opposite this nipple. The steamspace around the tube 6 opposite the nipple 13 is closed by acylindrical enlarged portion 15 on the tube e which fits tightly andslidably inside off the tube 1.

A lock nut 16 can be used to' lock or -tighten the inner tube 6 in anydesired position'in-relation to thetube 1.

A .threaded nipple 17 extends from the tube 1 below the enlarged portion15l for fuel. A suitable feed pipe (not shown)` can be attached to thisnipple, connectin same with a fuel tank located above the urner (forgravity feed), or for delivery under pressure.

A third nipple 18 extends from the side of the tube l1 into the fuelspace, preferably at an angle as shown in Flg. 1. Thisy nipple canvbesmaller than the other nipples as it 1s .used only for periodic cleaningof the spiral grooves by'y blowing through them compressed air (or steamunder h1 h pressure). For this purpose the nipple 18 is threaded andadapted to be connected with a suitable piping by a coupling of anordinary type (not shown).

The operation of my burner is as follows.

The blowing pipe connected with the nipple 18 is closed, and the fuel isadmitted into the space 19 around the tube 6.

The steam is then admitted inside of the innerV tube 6 through apipeconnected with Instead of steam af compressed air or similar fluidcan be used. The inside diameter of the tube 6 is reduced at the tip inorder to increase the velocity of flow.

The fuel, following the spiral grooves 8 becomes preheated and separatedinto several separate streams which all come out of the nozzle andspread out in a conical shape.

This burner is especially suitable for use with liquid fuel, such ascrude oil orpetroleum residue, and adapted for service with locomotiveand stationary boilers.

A modified construction is shown in Figs. 3 4, 5 and 6. Here the outertube 20 is not threaded inside and is provided with a flat tapering tior nozzle 21. The inner tube 22 is slidab y fitted inside of the tube 20and is provided lwith a flat tapering tip or nozzle 23. The angle of theinner tip corresponds to the an le of the outer tip, so that a s acebetween em is formed (24) of a uni orm width.

The spiral grooves 8 extend from a circular recess 25 to the beginningof the tip 23. They extend further on this tip to its end in the form ofstraight grooves 26.

The outer tip is provided with an expanding nozzle 27 adspted to givethe llame a proper angle of ivergence.

A nijlple 28 extends from the body 20 o posite t e recess 25 foradmitting fuel insi e of the burner. The steam or compressed air isadmitted inside of the tube 22 through its rear end which is providedwith threads 29. The fuel flexible pi (not shown) is attached to the endo the tube 22 by means of a suitable threaded coupling fitting thethreads 29.

The rear end of the Vtube 20 has a flange 30 with holes for bolts 31with which a ring -32 is attached. This rin has a shoulder with which itretains the co ar 33 of an adjustnut 34. lng.lhis nut can turn on thethreaded portion of the tube 22, the collar or shoulder 33 rotatingbetween the flange 30 and the ring 32. The nut cannot move lengthwise,so that its rotation causes the tube 22 to slide in the outer tube 20,thereby changing the width of the opening 24.

This burner is especially suitable for steam locomotives and stationaryboilers, as it gives'a flattened narrow llame, wide and thin, suitablefor low furnaces.

Another modification is shown in Figs. 7, 8 and 9. Here the constructionis similar to the one shown in Figs. 3, 4,5 and 6, except that an elbow35 is attached to the end of the tube 22 being clamped by a nut 36 witha compression sealin tween them. The elbow as a flange 38 with which itis attached to a pipe delivering preheated air from a suitable source,for instance, from a foundry cupola, furnace jacket, etc. A smaller pipe39'is inserted in the wall of the elbow 35 for compressed air or steam.This pipe has a nozzle 40 at the washer 37 beend placed inside ofconical section 41 of the elbow. This arrangement represents an ordinaryair injector, the blast of the compressed air (or steam) through thenozzle 40 producing a suction in the elbow` 35 and thereby drawingpreheated air o r gases from the cupola and delivering them into theburner for the combustion. Instead of an elbow any suitable chamber beprovided. It is only necessary that ma it should have a ta ering orconical portion for the inner nozz e so as to forman injector.

A similar arrangement is shown in Fig. 10 of a burner, especiallyadapted for forges and foundries. It. has a round nozzle 2 and a nipple17 the other parts being also the same as in Fig. 1. This burner isespecially suitable to be used with compressed air which is deliveredthrough the nipple 13. It can be provided with an expanding nozzle tip42 of a conical or round section, as shown in Fig. 11.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an oil burner, the combination with an outer tubular memberprovided with an outer lattened tapering tip with an elongated apertureat the end, of an inner tulu lar member slidably iitted in the tubularportion of said outer member and provided with a flattened tapering tipconforming to said outer tapering tip, said inner member being providedwith a central channel for air, and with grooves on the outside forfuel.

2. In an oil burner, the combination with an outer tubular member, themain portion of said member being of a cylindrical crosssection, aflattened nozzle on said member, an inner member slidably fitted in thecylindrical portion of said outer member, a flattened tip on said innermember conforming to said flattened nozzle, said inner member beingprovided with a channel inside for air and wlth spiral grooves on theoutside for fuel, said tip being provided with strai ht groovesextending in a direction of the attened aperture in said nozzle andforming a continuation of said spiral grooves.

3. In an oil burner, the combination with an outer tubular memberprovided with a flattened nozzle, of an inner member slidably fitted insaid outer member andgprovided with a llattened tip conforming to saidnozzle, grooves for a fuel extending over said inner member and its tip,and a nipple on said outer member adapted to be connected to a source ofa compressed fluid for cleaning said burner.

4. In an Aoil burner, the combination with an outer tubular memberprovided with a flattened nozzle, of an inner member slidably fitted insaid outer member and provided with a flattened tip conforming to saidnozzle, grooves for fuel extending over said inner member and its tip,the rear portion SERGE M. PYANKOW.

